[77] Moreover, the largest death toll occurred at Khao Lak, with about 5,000 people killed. A major aftershock (magnitude 7.1) can be seen at the closest stations starting just after the 200-minute mark. ". The tsunami in Khao Lak was bigger due to offshore coral reefs and shallow seafloor which caused the tsunami to pile-up. The tsunami travelled eastward through the Andaman Sea and hit the south-western coasts of Thailand, about 2 hours after the earthquake. the earthquake and subsequent tsunami had killed more than 220,000 people . Areas with dense coconut groves or mangroves had much smaller inundation distances, and those with river mouths or backwaters saw larger inundation distances. [94] The Puntland coast in northern Somalia was by far the area hardest hit by the waves to the west of the Indian subcontinent. We had no place for them so they were wrapped in plastic and white sheets before laying on the ground all over the temple. Sat 26 Mar 2005 07.50 EST. how many people survived the 2004 tsunami. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. [17] Although the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center has accepted these new numbers, the United States Geological Survey has, as of 2022, so far not changed its estimate of 9.1. As we got on the ship, I saw houses and restaurants on Koh Racha Yai pulled down into the sea. [164], In the days following the tsunami, significant effort was spent in burying bodies hurriedly due to fear of disease spreading. play prodigy parent login P.O. The 2002 Sumatra earthquake is believed to have been a foreshock, preceding the main event by over two years. What was the death toll in the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? [47][48], According to Tad Murty, vice-president of the Tsunami Society, the total energy of the tsunami waves was equivalent to about 5 megatons of TNT (21PJ), which is more than twice the total explosive energy used during all of World War II (including the two atomic bombs) but still a couple of orders of magnitude less than the energy released in the earthquake itself. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". On the island's east coast, the tsunami contaminated wells on which many villagers relied for drinking water. Although the extreme western edge of the Ring of Fire extends into the Indian Ocean (the point where the earthquake struck), no warning system exists in that ocean. A tsunami that causes damage far away from its source is sometimes called a teletsunami and is much more likely to be produced by the vertical motion of the seabed than by horizontal motion. Compiling new navigational charts may take months or years. It displaced the North Pole by 25mm (0.98in). 2), Can bowel problems cause urinary problems? Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004, tsunami that hit the coasts of several countries of South and Southeast Asia in December 2004. Where did the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami occur? Here are a few of the planets most endangered animals who we may have to say good-bye to in 2015: 1) Amur leopard. Survivors walk through the debris on Phuket's Patong beach the day after the tsunami, Captain Sathaporn Sawangpuk's ship rode the tsunami wave, Emergency worker Wittaya Tantawanich: "I closed my eyes, prayed, and prepared to die", Somchai and Primpraow Jitpentom, who treated the injured while on holiday, Samran Chanyang was called to duty while knowing his son was missing, Dr Weerawit Sarideepan: "There were thousands of dead bodies waiting to be identified", Hundreds of coffins lie inside Yan Yao temple in December 2004, Russian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Click to see full answer. In four villages surveyed by . Approximately 90,000 buildings and many wooden houses were destroyed.[73]. Located about 500km (310mi) from the epicentre, at the time, the region was popular with tourists because of Christmas. On 30 December 2004, four days after the tsunami, Terra Research notified the India government that its sensors indicated there was a possibility of 7.9 to 8.1 magnitude tectonic shift in the next 12 hours between Sumatra and New Zealand. A 1,720 foot tsunami towered over Lituya Bay, a quiet fjord in Alaska, after an earthquake rumbled 13 miles away. Miraculously, all five family members survived. Can Nigeria's election result be overturned? Then dead bodies started to come in. The first wave came five minutes after the mainshock (0629 hrs.) ", "Poster of the Northern Sumatra Earthquake of 28 March 2005 Magnitude 8.7", "Magnitude 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman Islands Earthquake FAQ", "Thousands flee as Indonesian volcano spews into life", "Volcano erupts on same Indonesian island as earlier quake", "NASA Details Earthquake Effects on the Earth", "Italian scientists say Asian quakes cause Earth's axis shifted", "Asian tsunami seabed pictured with sonar", "NASA/French Satellite Data Reveal New Details of Tsunami", "TOPEX/Poseidon Satellite Data on 26 December 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean", "NOAA Scientists able to Measure Tsunami Height from Space", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, "Radar satellites capture tsunami wave height", "Tsunami: The impact will last for decades", "Time travel map: Active Fault Research Center: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan", "Indian Ocean Tsunami" at Syowa Station, Antarctica", "Indian Ocean Tsunami of 26 December 2004", "Tsunami Waves Channeled Around the Globe in 2004 Disaster", "Sri Lankans Seek Lost Relatives After Tsunami", Tsunami disaster: Focus: Nature's timebomb, "Girl, 10, used geography lesson to save lives", "Field Survey northern Sumatra and Banda Aceh, Indonesia and after the Tsunami and Earthquake of 26 December 2004", "Chapter 2 Earthquake, Tsunami and Damage in Banda Aceh and Northern Sumatra", "Northern Sumatra Field Survey after the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami", "Seconds From Disaster S03E13 Asian Tsunami", "Great Tsunami 12-26-04 at Banda Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia 3 of 3", "Report on December 26, 2004, Indian Ocean Tsunami, Field Survey on Jan 2131 at North of Sumatra", "Tsunami Wave Run-ups: Indian Ocean 2004", "Survey of the December 26th 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Sri Lanka", "Observations by the International Tsunami Survey Team in Sri Lanka", "Chapter 4: Field Survey and Numerical Simulation on the 2004 Off-Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami in Thailand", "The 2004 Indian tsunami in Thailand: Surveyed runup heights and tide gauge records", "Zoltn Grossman Member of the Faculty in Geography & Native Studies", "Effects of the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on the Indian Mainland", "Damage to Andaman & Nicobar Islands due to Earthquake and Tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004", "Quick Report on the Study of the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami Effects", "The Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami of December 26, 2004: The Effects in Mainland India and in the Andaman-Nicobar Islands", "Inundation of sea water in Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Tamil Nadu coast during 2004 Sumatra tsunami", "Tsunami heights and damage along the Myanmar coast from the December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake", "Somalia Field Survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami", "International Tsunami Information Center - International Tsunami Information Center", "Field Surveys of 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami From Sumatra to East Africa", "Myanmar is withholding true casualties figures, says Thai priest", "Hundreds of thousands of people killed as tsunamis devastate large swathes of South and Southeast Asia, coming as far as South Africa | South African History Online", "A2/2004Y Aasian luonnonkatastrofi 26.12.2004", "One year after the tsunami, Sri Lankan survivors still live in squalour", "India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Somalia, Thailand: Earthquake and Tsunami OCHA Situation Report No. The Andaman Islands were moderately affected while the island of Little Andaman and the Nicobar Islands were severely affected by the tsunami. [93], Interviews with local people indicate that they did not feel the earthquake in Taninthayi Division or Ayeyarwaddy Delta. These tales and oral folklore from previous generations may have helped the survival of the inhabitants. [42], In February 2005, the Royal Navy vessel HMSScott surveyed the seabed around the earthquake zone, which varies in depth between 1,000 and 5,000m (550 and 2,730 fathoms; 3,300 and 16,400ft). The 2004 tsunami was the more devastating tsunami in damage, with a death toll of more than 5,000 deaths, but the Lituya Bay mega-tsunami was roughly 15 times higher but only a death toll of 4 or . However, the huge demand has led to lower quality in the process, and some important materials were sacrificed to cut prices for those who were impoverished by the tsunami. [100] An initial report by Siti Fadilah Supari, the Indonesian Minister of Health at the time, estimated the death total to be as high as 220,000 in Indonesia alone, giving a total of 280,000 fatalities. Weeks after the earthquake, theoretical models suggested the earthquake shortened the length of a day by 2.68 microseconds, due to a decrease in the oblateness of the Earth. Video footage revealed torrents of black water, surging by windows of a two-story residential area situated about 3.2 km (2.0 mi) inland. ', Primpraow Jitpentom - nurse on a diving trip near the Mahidol ship. Sathaporn Sawangpuk - captain of the Mahidol ship, We were on our way back from a month-long marine research trip in the Indian Ocean. Other footage showed the tsunami dramatically crashed into the Vivekananda Rock Memorial. Mara Beln (born May 12, 1966) is a Spanish physician and motivational speaker, known for surviving the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami when she was on vacation in Thailand with her husband Enrique (Quique) lvarez and three sons Lucas, Simn and Toms lvarez. He told us to find a big ship and get up there. I led the prayer ceremony on the morning of 26 December 2004, which was a Buddhist holy day. A person will be just swept up in it and carried along as debris; theres no swimming out of a tsunami, Garrison-Laney says. [138], Even though only coastal regions were directly affected by the waters of the tsunami, the indirect effects have spread to inland provinces as well. The earliest, lower amplitude signal is that of the compressional (P) wave, which takes about 22 minutes to reach the other side of the planet (the antipode; in this case near Ecuador). I contacted him, but I was unable to reach him. In 1782, about 40,000 people are thought to have been killed by a tsunami (or a cyclone) in the South China Sea. According to Oxfam, five million people were affected of which 1.7m were made homeless, half a million were injured and more than 230,000 were killed. It has been 10 years since the Indian Ocean tsunami and earthquake devastated . [15] The earthquake (followed by the tsunami) was felt in Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. [16], The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was initially documented as having a moment magnitude of 8.8. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. [57] On Maikhao Beach in north Phuket City, Thailand, a 10-year-old British tourist named Tilly Smith had studied tsunamis in geography at school and recognised the warning signs of the receding ocean and frothing bubbles. The tsunami also reached Antarctica, where tidal gauges at Japan's Showa Base recorded oscillations of up to a metre (3ft 3in), with disturbances lasting a couple of days. The second and third waves came in 10-minute intervals after the first. [53] At Manzanillo, Mexico, a 2.6m (8.5ft) crest-to-trough tsunami was measured. The seismic waves of the earthquake were felt across the planet, as far away as the U.S. state of Oklahoma, where vertical movements of 3mm (0.12in) were recorded. [149] Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury the body of the dead, and in many cases, no body remained to be buried. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. 10 Historically Most Devastating and Deadliest Tsunamis The greatest tsunami inundation occurred at North Male Atoll, Male island at 250m (820ft) along the streets. We provide high quality business cards, postcards, flyers, brochures, stationery and other premium online print products. [96], The tsunami was detected in the southern parts of east Africa, where rough seas were reported, specifically on the eastern and southern coasts that face the Indian Ocean. An even higher runup point was measured on a cliff near the town of Eyl, solely on an eyewitness account. Scientists had developed significant ecological expertise from work with the Great Barrier Reef, in Australia's northeastern waters. He missed his family a lot. On December 26, 2004, a massive tsunami triggered by an earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. Edie Fassnidge lost both her mother and sister in the tsunami. However, tourists were reluctant to do so for psychological reasons. [59] Many of the aboriginal tribes evacuated and suffered fewer casualties, however. [1] Measured in lives lost, this is one of the ten worst earthquakes in recorded history, as well as the single worst tsunami in history. [82], The tsunami run-up was only 1.6m (5.2ft) in areas in the state of Tamil Nadu shielded by the island of Sri Lanka but was 45m (1316ft) in coastal districts such as Nagapattinam in Tamil Nadu directly across from Sumatra. 89. According to interviews, the second wave was the largest. The tsunami heights recorded:[76][77]. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. who survived the 2004 tsunami, and was also filmed in Khao Lak. 26. Credit: Courtesy. ", "How do they measure earthquakes from 250 years ago? She and her boyfriend were both injured but survived. A person will be just swept up in it and carried along as debris; theres no swimming out of a tsunami, Garrison-Laney says. As well as the sideways movement between the plates, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake resulted in a rise of the seafloor by several metres, displacing an estimated 30km3 (7.2cumi) of water and triggering devastating tsunami waves. In fact, the largest tsunami wave ever recorded broke on a cool July night in 1958 and only claimed five lives. However, when the seawalls were made of loose stones, the stones were displaced and carried a few metres inland.[79][81][85]. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. I was looking for the nearest way out but I knew I wouldn't be able to make it. Bowel and bladder conditions may occur together because of issues with. In February 2005, scientists revised the estimate of the magnitude to 9.0. Chapter 6, "Thailand", in Jayasuriya, Sisira and Peter McCawley. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was unusually large in geographical and geological extent. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The inundation distance is about 5km (3.1mi). It killed more than 230,000 people, including Wong. 1.4. . [86], The worst affected island in the Andaman & Nicobar chain is Katchall Island, with 303 people confirmed dead and 4,354 missing out of a total population of 5,312. Indonesian officials estimated that the death toll there alone ultimately exceeded 200,000, particularly in northern Sumatras Aceh province. [66], A group of small islands: Weh, Breueh, Nasi, Teunom, Bunta, Lumpat, and Batee lie just north of the capital city. Along the Mexican coast, the waves were 30-50 m. Some geologists suggest that the Chicxulub tsunami reached Chicago, Montana, or Canada. 1958 Lituya Bay earthquake and megatsunamiTsunami / Biggest Because of its enormous energy release and shallow rupture depth, the earthquake generated remarkable seismic ground motions around the globe, particularly due to huge Rayleigh (surface) elastic waves that exceeded 10mm (0.4in) in vertical amplitude everywhere on Earth. I'd been a rescue worker all my life but I'd never experienced anything that huge before. The surface waves can be clearly seen to reinforce near the antipode (with the closest seismic stations in Ecuador), and to subsequently encircle the planet to return to the epicentral region after about 200 minutes. [70], The greatest run-up height of the tsunami was measured at a hill between Lhoknga and Leupung, on the western coast of the northern tip of Sumatra, near Banda Aceh, and reached 51m (167ft). Measurements from these satellites may prove invaluable for the understanding of the earthquake and tsunami. On 9 February 2005, President Bush asked Congress to increase the U.S. commitment to a total of US$950 million. Peninsular Malaysia was shielded by the full force of the tsunami due to the protection offered by the island of Sumatra, which lies just off the western coast. 2004 tsunami Tsunami inundation at Khao Lak; the resort area is in the middle . Many people were seen being swept out . Because the 1,600km (1,000mi) fault affected by the earthquake was in a nearly northsouth orientation, the greatest strength of the tsunami waves was in an eastwest direction. According to eyewitness accounts, the tsunami came from the north and south. The earthquake was the third-largest ever recorded based upon seismographic measurements, the largest in the 21st century and had the longest duration of faulting ever observed, between eight and ten minutes. Similar to Sri Lanka, survivors reported three waves with the second wave being the most powerful. Affected or destroyed towns on the region's north and east coast were Pidie Regency, Samalanga, Panteraja, and Lhokseumawe. Moreover, the cost of damage in the transport sector was reported in the tens of thousands. How tall were the waves in the 2004 tsunami? The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 lasted for seven hours and reached out across the Indian Ocean, devastating coastal areas of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand, and as far away as East Africa. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. As at the end of September 2006, there were 150 confirmed British dead and one highly likely to have died, giving a total of 151. The World Food Programme provided food aid to more than 1.3 million people affected by the tsunami. July 1, 2022 by by The northern rupture occurred more slowly than in the south, at about 2.1km/s (1.3mi/s; 7,600km/h; 4,700mph), continuing north for another five minutes to a plate boundary where the fault type changes from subduction to strike-slip (the two plates slide past one another in opposite directions). CA License # A-588676-HAZ / DIR Contractor Registration #1000009744 Its over 1,700-foot wave was the largest ever recorded for a tsunami. Many people who survived the first wave may have gone to the shore to help others or check on their property, not knowing that a tsunami can be multiple waves spaced many minutes to 1 or 2 hours apart. 2023 BBC. The vomit is the debris and organic matter that Belton swallowed during her underwater ordeal ("Actually just a piece of string and blackberry jam on-set," Watts says). The tsunami first struck the eastern coastline and subsequently refracted around the southern point of Sri Lanka (Dondra Head). It took a relatively long time to reach Struisbaai at the southernmost point of Africa, probably because of the broad continental shelf off South Africa and because the tsunami would have followed the South African coast from east to west. How many people died in the Boxing Day tsunami? [82] A video recorded by locals showed the tsunami flooding the beach and villages, causing despair amongst the villagers. The highest tsunami wave measured was 4m (13ft) at Vilufushi Island. How many people are still missing from tsunami 2004? In one area of the Strait, water depths were previously up to 1,200m (4,000ft), and are now only 30m (100ft) in some areas, making shipping impossible and dangerous. In some cases, there are no warning signs at all: the sea will suddenly swell without retreating, surprising many people and giving them little time to flee. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. The hardest-hit was a 650km (400mi) stretch of the Somalia coastline between Garacad (Mudug region) and Xaafuun (Bari region), which forms part of the Puntland province. "Ministers Admit Handling of Tsunami Crisis Caused Suffering - Radio Sweden", "Indian Ocean Tsunami Information Center | Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System | What is IOTWS", National Aeronautics and Space Administration, "United Nations: World Food Programme: Report on the Tsunami Crisis", "The Asian Tsunami: Aid and Reconstruction after a Disaster", "The Rise, Fall, and Rebirth of the 'Quad', "The international humanitarian system and the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunamis", "15 tsunami aid staff executed in Sri Lanka", "Book Review: The Killing Sea by Richard Lewis", M9.1 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake & Tsunami, 2004, Asian Tsunami Anniversary Thailand Tsunami Then and Now Comparison Series, Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on India, International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission, Yemen Relief and Reconstruction Foundation, Humanitarian Networks and Partnerships Weeks, United Nations response to the COVID-19 pandemic, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami&oldid=1140970089, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018, All Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed, Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed from September 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 1530m (4998ft) on the west coast of Aceh, 612m (2039ft) on the Banda Aceh coast, 36m (9.819.7ft) on the north coast of, 3m (9.8ft) on the opposite side of the coast of Weh Island facing the tsunami, 36m (9.819.7ft) along the west coast of Phuket island, 3m (9.8ft) along the south coast of Phuket island, 2m (6ft 7in) along the east coast of Phuket island, 5m (16ft) at Hat Praphat (Ranong Coastal Resources Research Station), 3.4m (11ft) at Kerala, inundation distance of 0.51.5km (0.310.93mi) with 250km (160mi) of coastline affected, 4.5m (15ft) at the southern coastline of Tamil Nadu, inundation distance of 0.22km (0.121.24mi) with 100km (62mi) of coastline affected, 5m (16ft) at the eastern coastline of Tamil Nadu facing tsunami source, inundation distance of 0.41.5km (0.250.93mi) with 800km (500mi) of coastline affected, 4m (13ft) at Pondicherry, inundation distance of 0.22km (0.121.24mi) with 25km (16mi) of coastline affected, 2.2m (7.2ft) at Andhra Pradesh, inundation distance of 0.21km (0.120.62mi) with 985km (612mi) of coastline affected, 5m (16ft) in maximum tsunami height with a run-up of 4.24m (13.9ft) at Chiriyatapu Beach, 5.5m (18ft) in maximum tsunami height and run-up at Corbyn's Cove Beach, 6.6m (22ft) in maximum tsunami height and run-up of 4.63m (15.2ft) at Wandoor Beach, 1.5m (4ft 11in) at Diglipur and Rangat at North Andaman Island, 1012m (3339ft) high at Malacca (in Car Nicobar Island) and at Hut Bay on, 3m (9.8ft) high at Port Blair on South Andaman Island, 1.32.4m (4ft 3in 7ft 10in) at North Male Atoll, Male Island, 2m (6ft 7in) at North Male Atoll, Huhule Island, 1.72.8m (5ft 7in 9ft 2in) at South Male Atoll, Embudhu Finothu, 2.53.3m (8ft 2in 10ft 10in) at Laamu Atoll, Fonadhoo Island, 2.22.9m (7ft 3in 9ft 6in) at Laamu Atoll, Gan Island, 2.33m (7ft 7in 9ft 10in) at North Male Atoll, Dhiffushi Island, 2.22.4m (7ft 3in 7ft 10in) at North Male Atoll, Huraa Island, more than 1.5m (4ft 11in) at North Male Atoll, Kuda Huraa Island, 0.62.3m (2ft 0in 7ft 7in) around the Ayeyarwady delta, Paint the Sky with Stars, Selected Poetry in Remembrance of the Boxing Day Tsunami 2004 (2005) edited by, This page was last edited on 22 February 2023, at 18:17.
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